Typewriting machine



' Dec. 6, 1927.

a. c. STICKNEY TYPE-WRITING MACHINE Filed June 16.- 1922' 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 6, 1927.

7 C STICKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 16, 1922 s Sheets-Sheet s Dec. 6, 1927.,

TYPEWRITING mcnms Filed June 16. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet v 4 Dec. 6, 1927. B. C. STICKNEY TYPEWRITI-NG'MACHINB Filed Jfine 1a. 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Dee. e, 1927.

l U NITE D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

nunnnnm c. strzcxnnv, or ELIZABETH, nnw .rnnsnz, Assmnon 'ro mwnnnwoon TYPEWRI'IER ,oomrauv, on NEW YORK, 1;, Y A conrom'nou or nnnnwnnn.

rrrnwnrrme nnonmn,

Application filed IunelC, 1922. seria1- N6.t6s,ea1.

I This invention relates to typewritingma chines of thatclass having a plural ty of case-shits:- to provide for typing selectively.

by means of three or more types-on type-bars is disclosed herein a'four-type typewriting machine having three independently-o erable shift-keys for shifting the platen an the type-bars from their normal-printing posit1'on s,for one of thetypes', to three different case-shift positions for the three remaining types. As is well knownjiin thea'rt,fourtypemachines' have a'variety ofuses. pQne use is for typing languages which have such a large number of letters. in their-alphabets as to prohibit their being typed byth'e'usual.

single-shift typewriting machines, such as the Underwoodeand otherfront-strike .type

bar machinesfowing to; the number of typebars bein lessthan the number of letters in the alpha et. Another use isto enable. thetyping of languages in which'the same letters of ,the alphabet havediiferent :forms, accordingto the position which the letter 5 may occu y in a'word, or for other reasons.

Another important use, in .a machine for writing English or other languages, .is to provide for the accommodation of a large number of arbitrary. signs o'r symbols which are commonly employed 'in technical and commercial work. I

.An object of the inventionis tolproduce a four-type typewriting machine, of simple,;

highly effective and mexpensive construction, and, more particularly, along the general lines of, and embodying the advantages of, the usual Underwood standard typewriting machine.

According to the platen and the type pendently shiftabl'e by means of three independently-operable shift-keys, one of which Bresent invention, the

shifts the platen without shifting the -seg-- ment, another of which shifts the segment without shifting the platen, and the vthird of which concomitantly shifts both the platen and the segment. More particularly,

the platen a-nd thet 'pe-bar-segment are each shiftable between xed sto s and-have the same case-shift movement, w ether shifted ina dependently or concomitantly; one of the caseshift movements beirfg through a single case-. sh ft pies gr. distan and the oth r ea e- :depression of the keys.

, silent ke ar-segment are indespaces or ,distances.

shift movement of t e type-bar-segment' and invention embodied in; the type-action re-,

Another-feature of-t-he. invention resides V -m--;tl1e type act on roviding for the casestrikmg at thefront of the platen, and there having other --advantages. A feature of the lates to means-for imparting continually accelerated movementtothe type-bars at the Y Othe' features of the invention rel'a tefto means for operating the carriage-feeding es-;.

capement mechanism and the vibrating ribbon-guide, whil'ejproviding for the case-shift movement of '1the"type bar segment. An-

other fea-ture-"relatesito means by which ys'fmay he provided wherever de' sired'.

inafterappean Inf-the accompan ing drawings, Flgu-re 1, isa-su stantially central frontparts appearing in Figure 1, H

Figure 3 is a transverse, vertical section,

Other features and advantages will here- .to-rear vertical section of atypewriting mapresent invention, and

type-action as segregated from the other partlydiagrammatioand with arts omitted, the section being taken for t e most part atthe front of the typ'e-bar-segment and rearwardly of the types and keyboard.

Figure 4 is a similar view, taken at the rear of the t pe-bar-segment, but with the platen andri bon guide appearing in front elevation. I

Figure 5 is a side elevation,-jwith parts in section'and parts omitted, showing the laten shifted up to bring into use thesecoml type 1iin the series by means ofone'of the shlfte s. t

mal position, through two case-shift spaces "to vbring-qinto'use thethird. ,t pain the the shift series by means of anothero 1 typeiar-segment as shifted down from nor-' ure1g6 is "a similar view-showing the type-bar-segment,

- struction of the standard Underwood typewriting machine, only such alterations and modifications bein made as are required for .the embodiment t erein of the present invention'.

The four types 1, 2, 3 and 4 are arranged in a series longitudinally along an extended type-head or block 5 carried upon the free end of an upwardly and rearwardly swingable type-bar 6, there being about as many of these type-bars 6 as are commonly employed in a single-shift English tvpewriting machine, such as the standard Underwood machine. Each type-bar 6 is provided with a curved slot 7 forming a hook 8 by means of which it is pivoted upon an arcuate wire or rod 9 carried by a type-bar segment 10, which is provided with usual slots for guiding the type-bars. Normally, without the use of a shift-key, the lowermost type 1 prints upon the front of a platen '11, as indicated in Figure 1 and 7 by the broken arcuate line 12, the remaining types being brought into use by means of independently o erable shift-keys. The usual rotatable p aten 11 is journaled by means of its axle 13 in a usual up-and-down shiftable platenframe 14. The platen-frame 14 is shiftable upwardly from the normal printingposition of the platen 11 through a single case-shift space or distance to a case-shift printing position-of the platen corresponding to the second type 2 of the series, as indicated in Figure 5 by the broken arcuate line 15. In this case-shift movement, the platen-frame is guided by. means of arms 16 engaging studs or .gudgeons 17 on the ends'of the pliaten-frame- 14, these guide-arms 16 being ed upon and extending forwardly from a rock-shaft 18 journaled in ears 19 formed upon a traveling carriage 20, as is usual in the Underwood machine. 3 The carriage 20 may travel upon a rear rail 21 mounted upon the main frame 22 of the machine.

The carriage 20 comprises a front bar portion 20 elevated above the remainder of the carriage so as to clear the extended typebars. The front bar portion 20 carries a housing 20", from the front of which there projects an index or pointer 20. A roller 23 1s journaledin and projects below the housin 20 at he fr nt f he age bar portion 20. The framework 22 of the machine is provided at the front with upper extensions 22, at each side thereof. The upper ends or tops of the frame extensions 22 are firmly connected together ,b means ofa tie-bar 24 which, on its upper si e at the front thereof, is provided with a scale 24' to cooperate with the pointer 20,and at its rear the tie-bar 24 has a depressed shelf portion 24 forming a front rail upon which the carriage-roller 23 runs. The front tiebar 24 is at the front of and somewhat lower than the front carriage-bar 20. but the tiebar 24, including the front rail portion 24" thereof, is elevated sufficiently tov clear the extended type-bars. However, both the front carriage-bar 20 and the front tie-bar 24 are below the line of vision, so that the typing is visible while it is being written.

The platen-frame 14 is positively stopped at the normal printing pos1tion of the platen 11 by means of end portions 25 on the platen-frame, which abut against the top of the carriage 20 at the ends thereof, thereby to limit the downward movement of the platen when it is returned from its case-shift to its normal position, as shown in Figures 1 and 7. The upward case-shift movement of the platen-frame 14 is positively limited to a single space or step by means of shoulders 26 formed upon the ends of the platen-frame to abutagainst stops 27 which, by means of slots 28 therein and screws 29, are rigidly but adjustably secured upon the carriage 20 at the ends thereof to arrest the upward movement of the platen-frame at the print ing position of the platen 11 for the second type 2 in the series, as shown in Figure 5.

For shifting the platen upwardly, a shiftrail frame is provlded, comprising a rockshaft 30 journaled at its ends in the rear and upper part of the general frame22, and

carrying similar left and right side plates having, respectively, similar portions 31 and '32 extending downwardly from the rockshaft 30 and also having, respectively, similar portions 33 and 34 extending forwardly from the rock-shaft 30 and carrying a shift-- rail 35 upon which runs a roller 37 journaled upon a bracket 38 dependingfrom a transverse rod 39 forming part of the shiftable platen-frame 14.

A shift-key 40, located in the keyboard at the extreme left thereof, is carried by theforward end of a shift-lever 41 pivoted at 42 upon the rear and lower part of the mainframe 22. At its rear end, the shift-lever41 has an upstanding arm 43 to press forward upon the downwardly-extending portionv 31 of the left-hand side plate ofcthe Shlftr'lfilll frame, so that, when the shiftvkey 40 is-depressed. the shift-rail frame .will. be rocked for shifting the platen upwardlv from its normal printing position for the type 1, as ha n 1. sa e ite ts a e-shif p iti n for .printingby means of the type 2, as shown in Figure 5. The case-shiftmg-mechanism for the platen, just described, and the type 3 in the series,-means, now to be described, including an independentl -operable shift-key, are rovided to shift, t e typebar segment 10 ownwardly through two case-shlft spaces or steps fromthenormal position thereof, shown in Figures land 7, to the case-shift position thereof shown in Figure 6, while the platenfll remains at its normal -position, so that typing. maythen ,be normally effected by the third ty e"-' 3 in .the series, as is indicated bythe short" roken arcuate line 44 inFigure 6, in which the type-block 5 isshown .as partly raised to e printing position. The set of thirdtypes "may include alphabetical letters where the number of letters exceeds the number of type-bars. a i

The type-bar segment .10 forms a part of an up-and-down shift-able frame, having at its sides legs or uprights 45 connected to gether at the top by a cross-bar 45 to which the segment 10 may be secured by means of screws 45 (Figure Thelegs 45 are guided for up-andown movement by means of vertical bars 46 secured to the sides of the framework 22 of the machine and formin guideways. Each of the segmentframe i egs 45is guided upon'its guide-bar 46 by means of a pair of balls 47, maintained in spaced relation by means of a ball-carrier 48 and traveling in a groove formed in the leg 45 and in a corresponding grooveformed in the guide-bar 46, as is shown in Figure 3. Pins projecting from thelower ends of the legs 45 (Figure 3) limit'the downward movement of the hall-carrier 48. Additional guiding means are provided [for the vertically shifting segment-frame in a order to prevent any tendency of the frame,

to twist laterally or skew, and consequently to bind upon the guide-balls'47. For this purpose a rockingframe is provided, co nprising a rock-shaft 49 extending transverse- 1y of the machine at the rear of the lower part of the segment-frame and journaled at its ends in the sides of the malnframework {22, arms 50being fixed'upon the rock-shaft 49. at the ends thereof and extending .forwardlyfland normally slightly upwardly therefromfandhaving a pivotal connection with the lower ends of the segment-frame legs 45 ,by means of slots 51in the forward ends of the arms50, which receive inwardlypro ectmg pins or studs 52 ,upon the lower ends of the legs 45. It will be observed that the rocking frame, 7 com rising therock-5'? shaft 49 and the forward y-extending arms 50, will compel the opposite sides or ends of the segment-frame to move evenly u and down to an equal extent in its case-shifting operation.

wEach leg 4510fthe shiftablesegment-frfim carries a forwardly-projecting stop-h1g5 which, 1n the up er or normal positidn the segment 10, a

against pper step 54 Pro ecting inwardly; from the'side of the.

Tied thereby, each stop-lug 53 will but against a lower stop 55, suitably spaced be low the upper stop 54, and similarly pro'ect-' -1ng=inward.from the sides of the mac ine framework 22, to limit the downward case shift movement of the segment-frame, ,as shown 1n Figure 6.1 Theshiftable se mentframe is lifted to its normal positlon by means of a pair; of 'sufiicientlyi strong springs 56, each of which is anchored at "its upper :end to the corresponding upper stop 54 by ',-means of a pin 57, and is connected at its lower end tothe lower-end of the adjacent segment-frameleg 45 by means of a pin 58, as shown in Figures *1 and 3.

To shift thesegment-frame, including the type-bar segment 10, from its upper or normal position, determined by the upper stops 54, downwardly to its case-shift position, determined by the lower steps 55, an independently-operable shift-key 59, or second shiftkey, is ,carried'bythe forward end of a shiftlever 60.1ocated at the left side of the machine ,and next inward from the first shiftlever 41, and at'its rear end ispivoted at 42 in the samemannerjas the first shift-lever 41. At a proper distance forward from its pivot point 42, the .shift-lever 60 is provided at its upper side-with a forwardly-project'- .ing"toe 61, Whichengages a projectin pin or stud 62 carried by a substantiallyiori- ,zontal intermediate lever 63 of the third order. 'At its rear end, the intermediate lever 63 is pivoted at 64 upon the framer termediate lever 63, will shift the segmentframe downwardly from its normal position, shown in Figures. 1 and 7, to its caseshift position, shown in Fi re 6,- thereby' "to cause the third type 3 1n the series to print at the front ofthe platen 11, if the platen 11 rcmains'at rest at its normal print ing position. But if key 40 is depressed at this time, the fourth type w1ll print. It will 'be noted that sufiicient space is provided below the shift-lever toe 61 to permit the segment-frame to be case-shifted indeendently of the shift-lever 60, while the atter remains at rest. Also, it is to be noted that any tendency of the segment-frameto skew or bind upon its uiding-balls 47, by reason of the downward pull of the shift-- lever and intermediate lever 63 at the left side of the segment-frame, will be counteracted by the rocking frame comprising the rock-shaft 49 and guide-arms 50.

A single shift-key device may be employed in order to print by means of the fourth type 4 in the series, the platen 11 and the segment 10 being shiftable concomitantly from their normal positions (for printing by means of the first type 1) to the same case-shift positions to which they areshiftable individually by means of their respective shift-keys 40 and 59, as hereinbefore described. For this purpose, a third independently-operable shift-key 68, located at the right of the keyboard, is carried by-the forward end of a third shift-lever 69 pivoted at 42 in the same manner as the shiftlevers 41 and 60. At its rear end, the shiftlever 69 has an upstanding arm 70 to press forward upon the rear edge of the downwardly-extending portion 32 of the righthand side plate of the shift-rail frame, as shown in Figures 7 and 8. Forwardly from its pivot point 42 the shift-lever 69 is provided at its upper side with a forwardlyprojecting toe 71, which engages over a latorally-projecting stud 72 carried by a substantially horizontal intermediate lever 73 of the third order. At its rear end, this lever 73 is fulcrumed at 74 on the framework of the machine and at its forward end is provided with a slot 75, which engages a pin or stud 76 projecting inwardly from the lower end of a lug- 77, which projects from the lower end of the right-handsegnientframe leg 45, as shown in Figures 3, 7 and 8.

' 'Because of the double work which the third shift-key'68 has to do in concomitantly shifting both the platen-frame and the segment-frame, this latter shift-key ispreferably given a greater throw or dip than the other two shift-keys,--so that the amount of force required to depress the third shift-key 68 will be about the same as that required for each of the other shift-keys 40 and 59. For this purpose, the platen-shifting upstanding arm 7 O on the third shift-lever 69 is made, to the required extent, shorter than the laten-shifting upstanding arm 43 of the rst shift-lever 41. And likewise, for similar reasons, the segment-shifting intermediate lever 73 for the third shift-lever 69 is longer and has its fulcrum point 74 lo- I 'cated farther to the rear, so that the leverdownwardly against the tension of the lifting springs 56, for case-shifting the typebars 6.

As the laten-frame 14 is case-shifted by means oft ethird shift-lever 69, it is brought to a positive stop at its case-shift position by reason of its stop shoulders 26 abutting against stops 27, the same as when the platen is case-shifted by -means of the first shiftlever 41, as hereinbefore described; and, sim ilarly, when the segment-frame, including the type-bar se ment 10, is case-shifted by means of the t ird shift-lever 69, the segment-frame is brought to a positive stop by reason of its stop-lugs 53 abutting against;

the stops 55, the same as when the segmentframe is case-shifted by means of the second shift-lever 60, as hereinbefore described. It is.to' be noted, in this connection, that the third shift-lever 69 shifts the platen 11 upwardly through one case-shift space and concomitantly shifts the type-bar segment 10 pin 72 is substantially twice downwardly through two case-shift spaces,

thereby efiecting a relative case-shift movement of the platen 11 and type-bars 6 through a total of the three caseshift spaces from their normal printing positions for the first type 1 to relative printing positions to bring into use the fourth type 4, as will be clear by an inspection of'Figures 7 and 8. Any tendency of the segment-frame to twist or skew and,.therefore, to bind upon its shi t-lever 69 through its intermediate lever 73 exerting its case-shift pull at the right side only of the segment-frame, will be counteracted and prevented by the rockingframe iding-balls 47, by reason of the thirdcomprising the rock-shaft 49 and its guiding arms 50. By reason of the fact that the upstanding operating arms 43' and .70 of the respective first and third shift-levers 41 and 69 engage'only at the rear of the downwardly-extending end-plate portions 31 and 32 of the shift-rail frame, it'will be evident that either of the shift-keys 46 or 68 may be operated while the other remains at rest. Similarly, by reason of the fact that similar clearance space is provided below each of the actuating pins 66 and 76 carried by the respective segment-shifting intermediate levers 63 and 73, it will be evident that eithe the second shift-key 59 or the third shift key 68 may be depressed while the other remains at rest. The three shift-levers 41,. and 69 are returned to normal positions by means of similar springs 78. An arcuate rest-79 for the type-blocks 5 is carried by arms 80, which project rigidly forwardly from the legs 45 of the segmentframe.

The improved type-action forming a feature of the present invention provides for the up-and-down case-shift movement of the type-bar segment 10, and has other advantages. Type-keys 81, arranged in banks as usual, are carried by the forward ends of key-levers 82, which, at their rear ends, have downwardly and slightly rearwardly extending portions 83, fulcrumed at their upper ends upon a common pivot rod 84 carried by a slotted frame-bar 85 extending transversely of the machine and forming a part of the stationary framework thereof. The keylever pivots 84 are at the rear of the typebar pivots 9, are'shown as directly beneath the platen 11, and are at a level above all the type-keys 81 in the keyboard, so that all of the key-levers 82 may be of suflicient length that the dip of the type-keys 81 will be nearly straight downward and only slightly forward, atthe same time providing space in the machine at the rear of the downwardly-extending key-lever portions 83 for the accommodation of other mechanism, yet to be described. When a type-key 81 is depressed in the typing operation, the key-lever portion 83 which extends downwardly from its fulcrum or pivot point 84, will move rearwardly. I

All of the key-levers 82 are parallel, and the system of key-levers extends laterally of the machine at each side thereof beyond the system of type'bars .6, as shown inFigure 3. Retractile springs 86normally draw forward the downwardly-extending keylever portions 83 and lift thetype-keys 81. Substantially horizontal operating links 87 are pivoted at their rear ends at 88 to the downwardly-extending portions 83 of the key-levers, and at their forward ends the links 87 are pivoted at 89 to the lower arms 90 of sub-levers of the first order, having rearwardly and upwardly extending upstanding arms'91. The 'sub-levers are fulcrumed upon a slightly downwardly-bowed or curved rod 92, substantially directly beneath the arcuate pivot wire 9 for the typebars, so that the type-bar pivots and sublever pivots are substantially in the same vertical transverse plane. The sub-levers are guided in slots 93 formed in the forward side of, and at right angles to, a curved cross-bar 94 which carries the sub-lever pivot rod 92, and which forms a part of the shiftable segment-frame, the ends of the crossmeans of screws 95 to bar 94 being shown as rigidly connected by the lower parts of the legs 45 of the segment-frame, Figures 1 and 3. When the segment-frame is shifted, as hereinbefore described, the sub-levers will partake of this shifting movement.- The pivot pins 89 at the forward ends of the operating links 87 will also move downwardly to swing these links about their rear p vot point 88 on the key-lever portions 83 without thereby affecting the operation of the sub-levers from the ke -levers by means of the links 87, the typear pivots 9 and the sub-lever pivots 92 having a fixed relation to each other. A

The upperend of the upstanding arm 91 of eachsub-lever carries an actuating pin 96 to be swung in an arc upwardly and forwardly, the type-bar 6 having an arcuate slot 97 in which the pin 96 works. The slot 97 is bowed rearwardly and upwardly, and extends upwardly and rearwardly from the actuating pin 96 to a point at the rear of, and substantially at the same level or in the same horizontal plane as, the type-bar pivot 9, when the several parts of the type-action are in their normal positions of rest, as shown in Figure 1, and as shown in full lines in Figure 2. When a type-key 81 is depressed, the actuating pin 96 will be brought into alignment between the type-bar pivot 9 and the sub-lever pivot 92, and therefore substantially into .the 'vertioal plane in which the type-bar and sub-lever fulcrum pivots are located, substantially at the printing position of the type-bar 6, as indicated in broken lines in Figure 2, and as shown in Figure 8. The type-bar 6 will therefore be continually gradually and evenly accelerated as it moves to the printing point on the platen, thereby giving both a light key-touch and a strong printing impact of the types against the platen.

The terms horizontal plane and vertical plane, as applied to the type-bars and sub-levers, are used relatively, for convenience of description, and are not to be considered as limiting:

The sub-levers, as is usual, are made longer at the sides of the machine and converge inwardly from the key-levers towards the typebars. According to the present invention,

the sub-levers converge inwardly from. the forward ends of the actuating links 87 along general lines to the actuating pins 96' of the sub-levers. Also the three pivots of each s'ub lever, namely, the pivot 89 at the lower end thereof, its fulcrum pivot 92 and its upper end pivot 96, are all arranged in an inclined plane extending transversely of the axes of these pivots, so as thereby to avoid undesired twisting'of the sub-lever upon its fulcrum pivot, 92. The arrangement of the three pivot points of the sub-levers are shown in Figure 3, and there indicated by means oflll the three laterally inclined broken lines 98, each drawn through the three pivot points of a sub-lever.

According to the present invention, the usual Underwood escapement mechanism 1s operated by the downwardly-extending portions 83 of the key-levers, and the means for doing so will now be described. A universal bar 99 extends transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the path of the rearwardly-movable downward ly-extending keylever portions 83, to be moved rearwardly thereby at the depressiofof the type-keys 81. At its ends the universal bar 99 is carried by a pair of upwardly and rearwardly extending arms 100, forming therewith a ball or swinging frame. The upper ends of the bail-arms 100 are fixed upon the ends of a rock-shaft 101 pivoted at its ends by pivot studs 102-, Figure 4, to the ends of rearwardly and downwardly extending stationary arms 103 carried by the frame-bar upon which the key-levers 82 are pivoted, so that the arms 103 form a part of the framework ofthe machine. The universal bar 99, its arms 'and the rock-shaft 101, taken together, form a rocking universal frame. Approximately at its middle, -the rock-shaft 101 has fixed thereon an upward ly-projecting lever-arm 104, engageable at the rear of a downwardly-extending arm 105 of a dog-rocker pivoted on-the machine frame and provided with rigid and loose dogs 106 and 107, which in turn are engageable with an escapement wheel 108 connected to a pinion 109 engaged by a rack 110 connected with the carriage 20. The parts of the escapement mechanism, from the dog-rocker to the rack 110, may be of substantially the usual Underwood construction. A usual springbarrel, not shown, may be provided to impel the carriage 20 inits letter-feeding direction of movement.

The downwardly-extending portions 83 of the key-levers are provided with rearwardlyprojecting lugs 111 to engage and'operate the universal bar 99 when the type-keys 81 are depressed. The operating lugs 111 are not normally in contact with the universal bar 99. but are arranged so as to leave an open space and provide lost motion between their ends and the universal bar 99, in order that the escapement mechanism will be operated only during the final portion of, or near the end of, the key-lever stroke, to obtain 7 thereby prompt letter-feeding of the carriage 20 immediately upon release of any typekey 81. I

The actuating lugs 111- are located at different heights on the depending portions 83 of different key-levers, so as to move the universal bar 99 rearwardly substantially. equal distances for the key-levers of different lengths, and thereby impart a substantially uniform throw to the dog-rocker for the different key-levers.- In view of the fact that the upper-lugs 111 are nearer to the universal-bar rock-shaft 101 to a greater proportional extent than the are to the pivotal points 84 of the key-livers, and that the lower lugs 111 are farther from the rockshaft 101 to a greater proportional extent than they are distant from the key-lever pivot points 84, the more elevated lugs 111 will be upon the shorter key-levers, or upon the key-levers having typc-keys-in the upper banks of keys, while the lower lugs 111 will be carried by the longer key-levers,of which the type-keys are in the lower banks. The universal bar 99 may be returned to normal position against a stop 111 by means of a spring 112.

According to the present invention, silent keys, for printing accents or the like may be 'provlded wherever desired, merely b of and in the path of the rearwardly-mov-' able downwardly-extending key-lever portions 83, to be moved rearwardly thereby at the depression of the type-keys 81. At its ends, the second universal bar 114 is carried by upwardly-extending bail-arms 115 forming therewith a swinging frame. The upper ends of the bail-arms 115' are fixed upon the ends of a rock-shaft 116 pivoted at lts ends by means of pivot-studs 117 upon the stationary frame-arms 103 just. at the rear of the transverse frame-bar 85, so that the universal bar 114, bail-arms 115 and rock-shaft 110 together form a rocking universal frame. Fixed upn the rock-shaft 116 substantially at the middle thereof is an upwardly-pro jecting lever-arm 118, the upper end of which engages the rear face of a downwardly-extending lever-arm 119- forming a part 'of a bell-crank-lever pivoted at 120 upon a depending bracket 121 fixed upon the shift-rail The bell-crank-lever has a forwardly-extending arm 122 pivotally connected at 123 to the lower end of a ribbonguide or ribbon-vibrator 124, which has at its upper end portions 125 for guiding the usual ribbon, not shown, the vibrator 124 being shifted to cover and uncover the printing point .on the platen at the strokes of the type-keys 81. The vibrating ribbon-guide 124 is guided between the rear face of thesegment 10 and the front face of the up er bar 45 of the segment-frame, and'is furt er guided by means of guide-lugs 126 on the ribbon-guide, which engage at the sides of 7, the.ribbon-guide-vibrating bell-crank lever, being carried by the shift-rail 35, partakes of the shifting movement of the platen, and the downwardly-extending leverarm 119 of this bell-crank-lever is moved upwardly along the upper end of the upstanding rocking arm 118, as shown in Flgures 5 and 8. The actuating arm 118 is thereby enabled to actuate the bell-crank-.

lever to vibrate the ribbon-guide 124 at either the normal or the case-shift position of the platen 11'. The slight change in effective length of'the bell-crank lever-arm 119, caused by the sliding movement of this lever-arm along the end of the rocking upstanding actuating arm 118 at the case-shift movement of the platen, is of no particular consequence. It will only cause the-types to print at a slightly difierent place on the ribbon, which latter is of suflicient width so that the types will not miss the ribbon, and, if the ribbon bears onl .a single color, it may be of the usual wi th.

In carrying out the present invention, the downwardly-extending, portions 83 of the key-levers are provided with rearwardlyprojecting lugs 128 to engage and operate the ribbon-vibrating universal bar 114 when the type-keys 81 are depressed in the typing operation. As it is desirable that the typekeys 81 shall all have a uniform dip or stroke, the actuating lugs 128 are located at different distances below the key-lever fulcrum pivots 84, to compensate for the different lengths of the key-levers for the typekeys in the upper and lower banks. In view of the fact that the higher actuating lugs 128 are nearer to the universal-bar rock-. shaft 116 than they are to the key-lever pivots 84, and that the lower actuating lugs 128 are correspondingly farther from the universal-bar rock-shaft 116 than they are from the type-bar pivots 84, the upper or.

higher actuating lugs 128 belongto the shorter key-levers, the type-keys of which are in the upper banks of keys, while the lower actuating lugs 128 belong to the longer key-levers having type-keys in the lower banks of keys. The arrangement of these actuating lugs 128 at different heights provides for the difierent key-levers, different effective-lengths of the co-operating lever portions 83 of the key-levers and of the depending arms 115 of the universal bar 114, in view of the fact that the universal-bar rock-shaft 116 is located at a lower level than the key-lever pivots"'84. By this arrangement, rearward movement through substantially uniform distances will be imparted to the ribbon-vibrating universal bar 114 by each of the key-levers 82 irrespective of the difference in length of the key-levers, thereby imparting a substantially uniform ribbon-vibrating throw to the ribbon-guide '124. After each actuation, the ribbon-vibrating universal bar 114 will be-returned ioglts normal position by means of a spring 2 As the ribbon-vibrator and the escapement mechanism are operated independently by means of their so afate universal bars 114 and 99, respective y,.the provision of silent keys, as above described, will notinterferewith the ribbon-vibrating operation. Alsothe downward case-shift movement of the type-bar segment will'notinterfere with the I operation of the vibrating ribbon-guide 124,

for, when the segment 10 is case-shifted, the segment 10,-the segment-frame bar 45" and the type-guide-127 merely slide downward relatively to the ribbon-guide 124, asshown u in Figure 8.

The mounting of the bracket 121, upon which" the ribbon-vibrating bell-crank-lever is pivotally carried, upon the shift-rail 35 causes the ribbon-guide 124 to partake of the case-shift movement of the platen 11, while the sliding engagement'of the upstanding actuating arm 118 with the depending bell-crank-lever arm. 119 causes the ribbonguide 124 to be vibrated tocause the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point on the platen in both the normal and case-shift printing positions of the platen.

Variations may be'resorted to within the scope of the invention, and partions' of the.

improvements ma be used without others.

Having thus ascribed myinvention, I

claim: V

1. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

in combination, a platen mounted for caseshift movement, a set of type-bars mounted: for case-shift movement and each having four types thereon, means'for concomitantly llO shifting the platen and the set of type-bars, means for independently shifting the platen, and means for independently shifting the set of type-bars.

2. In a front-strike .typewriting machine, in combination, a platen mountedffor case-' shift movement, a set of type-bars mounted for case-shift movement andv each having four types thereon, means for independently shifting'the platen .from normal position to a case-shift position, means for independently shifting the set of type-bars from normal position to a case-shiftposition, one of said case-shift movements being through twice the distance of the other, and means for concomitantly shifting both the. platen and the set of type-bars from their normal positions to the same case-shift positions to -which they are shiftable independently.

'3. In a front-striketyp'ewriting machine,

in combination, a platen mounted for caseshiftmovement, a set of type-bars mounted for case-shift movement and each having four typesthereon, means for independently shifting the platen from normal posit on to a case-shift-position, means for 1ndependent- 1y shifting the set of type-bars from normal position to a case-shift position, one of said case-shift movements being through twice the distance'of the other, means for concomitantly shitting both the platen and the set of type-bars from their normal positions to the same case-shift positions to which they are shiftable independently, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the platen, and fixed stops to limit the caseshiit and return movements of the set of type-bars. i

t. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen mountedjor caseshiit movement, a set of extended type-bars mounted for case-shift movement and each having four types arranged thereon in a row or series longitudinally thereof, the platen and the set of type-bars having normal relative printing positions corresponding to one of the end types in the series, means for independently shifting the platen from its normalposition to a-printing position for an intermediate type in the series, means for independently shifting the set of type-bars from its normal position to a printing position for the other intermediate type in the series, and means for concomitantly shifting both the platen and the set of type-bars in opposite directions from their normal positions to printing positions for the final type in the series.

5. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen mounted for caseshift movement, a set of extended typebars mounted for case-shift movement and each having four types arranged thereon in a" row or series longitudinally thereof, the platen and the set of type-bars having normal relative printing positions correspond ing to one of the end types in the series, means for independently s ifting the platen from its normal position to a printing position for an intermediate type in the series,

means for independently shifting the set of type-bars from its normal position to a printing position for the other intermediate type in the series, means for concomitantly shifting both the platen and the set of typebars in opposite directions from their normal positions to printing positions for the final type in the series, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the platen, and fixedstops to limit the caseshift and returnimovements'of the set of type-bars.

6. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a shiftable platen, a set of type-bars each having four types thereon, a

- platen,

shiftable segment-frame on which the typebars are pivoted, a shift-key at the keyboard independently operable for shifting the platen alone, a second shift-key at the keyboard independently operable for shifting the segment-frame alone, and a third shiftkey at the keyboard independently operable for concomitantly shifting the platen and the segment-frame.

7. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

in combination, a shiitable platen, a set of type-bars each having four types thereon, a shiftable segment-frame on which the typebars are pivoted, a shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the platen from normal position to a case-shift position, another shift-key at the kevboard for indepen'dently shifting the segment-frame from normal position to a case-shift position, and a third shift-key at the keyboard or concomitantly shifting both the platen and the segment-frame from their normal positions to the same case-shift positions to which they are shiftable independently.

8. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a shittable platen, a set of type-bars each having four types thereon, a shiftable segment-frame on which the typehars are pivoted, a shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the platen from normal position to a case-shift position, an-

other shift-key at the keyboard for independllii) 9. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

in combination, a shiftable platen, a set of type-bars each having four types thereon, a shiftable segment-frame on which the typebars are pivoted, a shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the platen from normal position to a case-shift position, an-' other shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the segment-frame from normal position to a case-shift position, a third shift-key at the keyboard for concomitantly shifting both the platen and the segmentframe from their normal positions to the same case-shift positions to which they are shiftable independently, one of said caseshift movements being through twice the distance of the other, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the and fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the segment-frame. 10. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a shiftable platen, a set of extended type-bars each having four types arranged thereon in a row or series-longitudinally thereof, a shiftahle segment-frame on which the type-bars are pivoted to shift therewith, the platen and the set of typebars having normal relative printing positions corresponding to one of the end types in the series, a shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the platen from its normal position to a printing positlon for the next adjacent type in the series, an-

other shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the segmcnt fra'me tron] its normal position to a printing position for the third consecutive type in the series,

; and a third shift key at the keyboard for coneomitatntly shifting the platen and the segment-frame in opposite directions from their normal positions to printing positions for the final type in the series, each of said shift-keys being independently operable while the remaining shift-keys remain at rest.

11. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a shiftable platen, a set of extended-type-bars each having four types arranged thereon in a row or series longitudinally thereof, a shiftable segment-frame on which the type-bars are pivoted to shift therewith, the platen and the set of typebars having normal relative printing positions corresponding to one of the end types in the series, a shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the platen from its normal position to a printing position for the next adjacent type in the series, another shiftkey at the keyboard for independently shifting the segment-frame from its normal position to a printing position for the't-hird consecutive type in the series, a third shift-key at the keyboard for concomitantly shifting the platen and the segment-frame in opposite directions from them normal positions to printing positions for the final type in the series, each of said shiftkeys being independently operable while the remaining shift-keys remain at rest, fixed stops to-limit the case-shift and return movements of the platen, and fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the segment-frame.

12. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen a platen-frame mounted for up-and-down case-shift movement, a type-bar segment mounted for upand-down case-shift movement, a' set of type-bars pivoted onthe segment to shift therewith, the case-shift movements of the platen-frame and the segment being in opposite directions, and one of said case-shift movements being through a single case-shift space or distance and the other case-shift movement being through two case-shift spaces or distances, fixed stops-to limit the case-shift and return movements of the laten-fram fi ed stops to lim t the case shift and return movements of the segment,

a. shift-key for shifting the platen-frame without shifting the segment, a second shift- -key for shifting the segment without shifting the platen-frame, and athird shift-key for concomitantly shifting the platen-frame and the segment, each type-bar having four types thereon to correspond respectively with the four relative printing positions of the platen and the type-bars. I

13. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a platen-frame mounted for up-and-down case-shift movement, a type-bar segment mounted for upand-down case-shift movement, a set of type-bars pivoted on' the segment to shift therewith, the case-shift movements of the platen-frame and the segment being in opposite directions, the case-shift movement of the platen-frame being through a single case-shift space or distance and the caseshift movement of the segment being through two case-shift spaces or distances, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return -movements of the platen-frame, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the segment, a shift-key for shifting the platen-frame without shifting the segment, a second shift-key for shifting the segment without shifting the platenframe, and a third shift-key for concomitantly shifting the platen-frame and the segment, each type-bar having four types thereon to correspond respectivel relative printing positions ot the type-bars. 14. In a front-striketypewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a platen-frame the platen and shiftable upwardly from normal position through sin le case-shift space, a type-bar segment shi able downwardly from normal position through two case-shift spaces, typebars pivoted on the segment to shift therewith, the platen-frame and the segment being shiftable in. opposite directions, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the platen-frame, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the segment, means for automatically lifting the segment from case-shift position to normal position, a shift-key for shifting the platen-frame from its normal position to its case-shift position without shifting the segment, a second shift-key for shifting the segment from itsv normal position to its case-shift position without shifting the platen-frame, and a third shiftkey for concomitantly shifting the platenframe and the segment from their normal positions to their case-shift positions, each type-bar having four types thereon to corre- I with the four in combination, a platen-frame mounted for up-and-down case-shift movement, a type bar-segment mounted for u -and-down caseshift movement, the case-shlft movements of the platen-frame and of the segment being in opposite directions, and one of sa1d caseshift movements being through a single caseshift space or distance and the other caseshift movement being through two case-shift spaces or distances, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the platen-frame, fixed stops to limit the caseshift and return movements of the segment,

a shift-key to shift the platen-frame from its normal osition to its case-shift position without shlftng the segment, and a second shift-key to shift the segment from its nor mal osition to its case-shift position without s ifting the platen-frame.

16; In a front-strike ty ewriting machine, in combination, a platenrame mounted for up-and-down case-shift movement, a typebar-segment mounted for u -and-down case-- en-frame from its normal position to its case-shift position without shifting the segment, and a second shift-kc to shift the segment from its normal position to its caseshift position without shifting the platenframe. f V

17L In a front-strike'ty ewriting machine, in combination, a platenrame shiftable upwardly from normal position through a single case-shift space, a type-bar-segment shiftahle downwardly from normal position through two case-shift s aces, the platenframe and the segment eing shiftable in opposite directions, fixed stops to limit" the case-shift 'and return movements of the platen-frame, fixed stops .to limit the caseshift andreturn movements of the segment, a shift key to shift the platen-frame from its vnormal to'its case-shift position without shifting the segment, and a second shift-key to shift the segment from its normal position to its case-shift without shifting the platen-frame.

' 18. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a platen and a set of type-bars, the combination -of means for concomitantly shifting the platen and the type-bars in opposite directions, and means for independently shifting the platen. 1

19. a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination,.a shlftable platen, a set of ty e-bars, a.gshiftable segment-frame on w ich the type-bars are pivoted, to shift therewith, a shift-key at the keyboard for concomitantly shifting the platen and the segment-frame in opposite directions from normal printing-positions into case-shift positions, another shift-key at the keyboard for independently shifting the platen from' its normal position into the same case-shift position to which it is shiftable concomitantly with the segment-frame, fixed stops to limit the caseshift and return movements of the platen, and fixed stops'to limit the case-shift and return movements of the segment-frame.

20. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a platen and a set of type-bars, the combination of means for concomitantly shifting the platen and the type-bars in opposite directions, and means for independentlyshifting the type-bars.

21. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a shiftable platen, a set of type-bars, a shiftable segment-frame on which the type-bars are pivoted to shift therewith, a shift-key at the keyboard for concomitantly shifting the platen and the segment-frame in opposite directions from normal printing positions into case-shift positions, another shift-key at the keyboardfor independently shifting the segment-frame into the same case-shift osition to which it is shiftable concomitant y with the platen, fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the platen, and fixed stops to limit the case-shift and return movements of the segment-frame I 22. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a platen and a set of pivoted typebars, the combination of sub-levers for operating the type-bars, means for shifting the type-bars andvthe sub-levers up and down as a unit. links connected to the sub-levers and extending rearwardly therefrom, and keylevers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly when the keys are depressed and 'pivotally connected to the rear ends of said links, so that said links may swing on the key-levers at'the shifting of the type-bars and sub levers and whereby the key-levers may be of suflicient length to permit substantially vertical movement of the keys.

23. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type-bar segment or frame mounted for up-and-down caseshift movement, a set of type-bars pivoted on said frame to shift therewith, a set of sub-levers connected to the type-bars and also pivoted on said frame to shift therewith, links connected to the sub-levers and extending rearwarclly therefrom, and keylevers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly said shiftable frame.-

24. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combinatiom'a platen; a segn'ient-frame shiftable up and down, a set of type-bars pivoted on the scgzm-entd'rame to shift therewith, sub-levers pivoted on the segmentframe below the type bar pivots to shift with the segment-frame and having upstanding arms. pin-and-slot connections be tween said upstanding arms and the typebars, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and directly beneath the platen, the key-levers having portions extending downwardly from their pivots at the rear of the sub-levers. and substantially horizontal links pivotally connecting the L downwardly-extending portions of the keylevers to the sub-levers below their pivots.

25. In afront-strike typewriting machine, in combination. a platen, a segment-frame shiftable up and down, a set of type-bars pivoted on the segment-frame to shift therewith, sub-levers pivoted on the segmentframe below the type-bar pivots to shift with the segment-frame and having: forwardly movable upstanding arms. actuating pins for the type-bars carried by-the'upper ends. of said upstanding arms, the type-bars having slots therein for said pins. each of said slots extending upwardly and'forwardlv from its corresponding pin to a. point at the rear of the type-bar pivot, the arrangement being such that said actuating pin will be brought into alignment between the type-bar pivot and the sub-lever pivot substantially at the printing position of the type-bar, whereby continual acceleration will be imparted to the type-bar throughout its movement to the printing point on the platen, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the ma-- chine at the rear of the type-bar pivots. the key-levers having r-earwardly movable portions extending downwardly from their pivots at the rear of the sub-levers, and substantially horizontal links pivoted to the downwardly-extending key-lever portions and pivoted to the sub-levers below their pivots.

26. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a" laten, asegment-frame shiftable up and on the segment-frame to shift therewith,

sub-leverspivoted below the type-bar pivots on the segment-frame to shift therewith and having rearwardly-inclined upwardly and forwardly movable upstanding arms, the

type-bar pivots and the sub-lever pivots beown, type-bars pivoted in}; substantially in the same transverse vertical plane, actuating pins for the type-bars carried by the upper ends of said upstanding arms to be swung thereby upwardly and forwardly. the type-bars having slots therein for said pins, each of said slots extending from its corresponding pin upwardly and forwardly to a point at the rear of and sub- .stantially in the same horizontal plane as the type-bar pivot, the arrangement being such that the actuating pin will be brought into said vertical plane substantially at the printing position of the type-bar, whereby continually accelerated movement will be imparted to the typo-bar throughout its movement to the printingpoint on the platen, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at-the rear of the typebar pivots and at a level above the keys in the keyboard. said key-levers having rearwardly movable portions extendingdownwardly at the rear of the sub-levers, and substantially horizontal links pivotally connecting the sub-levers below their pivots to said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers. K

27. In 'a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen. a segment-frameshiftable up and down, type-bars pivoted on the segment-frame to shift therewith, sub- .levers pivoted below the type-bar pivots on the segment-frame to shift therewith and having rearwardly-inclined. upwardly and forwardly movable upstanding arms. the type-bar pivots and the sub-lever pivots being substantially in the same transverse vertical plane, actuating pins for the type-bars carried by the upper ends of said upstanding arms tobe swung thereby upwardly and forwardly, the typebars having slots therein for said pins, each of said slots extending upwardly and forwardly on a rearwardly and upwardly bowed curve from its corresponding pin to a point at the rear of and,

substantially at the same level as the typebar pivot, the arrangement being such that the actuating pin will' be brought into said vertical plane substantially at the printing position of the type-bar, whereby the typebar will be continually acceleratedas it moves to the printing point on the platen, key-levers pivoted on thestationary framework of the machine at the rear of the typebar pivots, the key-levers having rearwardly movable portions extending downwardly fromtheir pivots at the rear ofthe sublevers. and substantially horizontal links pivotally connecting the sub-levers below their pivots to said:downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers.

28. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a pivoted types bar, a sub-lever pivoted below the type-bar pivot and having a forwardly movable upstanding arm, the type-bar pivot and the sub-lever pivot having a fixed relation relatively to each other, an actuatingpin for the, type-bar carried by the end of said upstandbar, so that the type-bar will be continua y accelerated in'vits movement tothe printing point on the platen, and a key-lever connected to thesub-lever to operate the latter.

29. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a pivoted typebar, a sub-lever pivoted below the type-bar pivot and having a forwardly movable upstanding arm, the type-bar pivot and the sub-lever pivot having a fixed relation rela-' tively to each other, an actuating pin for the type-bar carried by theend of said upstanding arm, the type-bar having a slot therein for said pin, said slot extending upwardly and forwardly on a rearwardly and up wardly bowed curve from said pin to a point at the rear of the type-bar pivot, the arrangement being such that the actuating pin will be brought into alignment between the type-bar pivot and the sub-lever pivot substantially at the printing position of the type-bar, so that the type-bar will be continually accelerated in its movement to the printing point on the platen, and a keylever connected to the sub-lever to operate the latter.

30. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a pivoted typebar,'a sub-lever pivoted below the type-bar pivot and having a rearwardly-inclined upwardly and forwardly movable upstanding arm, the type-bar pivot and the sub-lever pivot being substantially in the same transverse vertical plane, an actuating pin for the typebar carried by the upper end of said up standing arm to be swung thereby upwardly and forwardly, the type-bar having a slot therein for said pin, said slot extending upwardly and forwardly on a rearwardly and upwardly bowed curve from said pin to a point at the rear of and substantially in the same horizontal plane as the type-bar pivot, the arrangement being such that the actuating pin will be brought into said vertical plane substantially at the printing position of the type-bar, whereby a continual acceler: ation will be imparted to the type-bar throughout I its movement to the printing point an the'platen, and a key-lever connected to the sub-lever to operate the latter.

31. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a platen, a letter-feeding carriage therefor, escapement mechanism for the car riage, a set of pivoted type-bars and subthesub-levers,

levers for operating the type-bars, the combination of key-levers connected to. operate the sub-levers, said key-levers being pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the typ their pivots to move rearwardly when the keys are depressed, and a rearwardly mov-. able universal bar for o crating the escapement mechanism exten ing transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers.

32. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a platen, a letter-feeding carriage therefor, escapement mechanism for the carriage, a set of pivoted type-bars and sublevers for operating the type-bars, the combinationof key-levers connected to operate the sub-levers, said key-levers being pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and'having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly when the keys are depressed, and a rearwardly movable universal bar for voperating the escapement mechanism extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers, said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers having rearwardly-projecting lugs thereon to operate the universal bar, said lugs being omitted from any desired key-levers in order thereby to produce silent keys.

33. In a front-strlke typewriting machine having a platen, a letter-feeding carriage e-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly. from therefor, escapement mechanism for the carriage, a set of pivoted type-bars and sublevers for operating the type-bars, the combination of key-levers connected to operate the sub-levers, said key-levers being pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly when the keys are depressed, a rearwardly movable universal bar for operating the escapement mechanism extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in'the paths of said downwardlyextending portions of the key-levers, a vibrating' ribbon-guide, and a second rearwardly movable universal bar to vibrate the ribbon-guide extending transversely of the machine at the rear of said downwardlyextending portions of the key-levers in the paths thereof to be operated thereby when any key is depressed in the typing operation.

34. In a front-strike typewriting machine having a platen, a letter-feeding carriage therefor, escapement mechanism for the carriage, a set of pivoted type-bars and sublevers for operating the type-bars, the combination of key-levers connected to operate said key-levers being pivoted I on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of t e type-bar pivots-and having portions extend ng downwardl from their pivots to move rearwardliy w en the keys are depressed, a rearwar 1y movable universal bar for operating the escapement mechanism extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the keylevers, said downwardly-extending portions of the levers having rearwardly-projecting lugs thereon to operate the universal bar,

said lugs being omitted from any desired key-levers in order thereby to produce silent keys, a vibrating ribbon-guide, and a second rearwardly movable universal bar to vibrate the ribbon-guide extending transversely of the machine at the rear of said downwardlyextending portions of the key-levers in the paths thereof to be operated thereby when any ke is depressed in the typing operation.

35. n a. front-strike typewriting'machine having a shiftable platen, a traveling carriage therefor, letter-feeding escapement mechanism for the carriage, a ribbon-vibrator shiftable with the laten, a set of pivoted type-bars and subevers to operate the type-bars, the combination of key-levers con nected to the sub-levers tooperate the latter pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots, said key-levers having rearwardly movable portions extending downwardly from their pivots, a-rearwardly movable universal bar for operating the escapement mechanism extending transversely at-the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be operated thereby, a second rearwardly movable un'iversal bar extending transversely at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardlyextending portions of the key-levers to be operated thereby, and means carried by the second universal bar for operating the ribbonvibrator in any case-shift position of the platen.

36. In a. front-strike typewriting machine having a shiftable laten, a ribbon-vibrator shiftable with the p aten, type-bars and sublevers to operate the type-bars, the combination of key-levers connected to operate the sub-levers and pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots, said key-levers having rearwardly movable portions extending. downwardly from their pivots, a rearwardly mov able universal bar extending transversely at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending key-lever portions to be operated thereby, and means carried by said universal bar to operate the ribbon-vibrator 'in the different case-shift positions'of the,

platen. v

37. In a front-strike typewritmgmachme having a platen, a letter-feeding carriage extending transversely pivots to move rearwardly at the depression therefor, escapement mechanism for the carriage, a set of pivoted type-bars and sublevers for operating the type-bars, the com binat n of key-levers connected to operate the sub-levers, said key-levers being zvoted on thestationary framework of -t e ma-' chine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having .POIPIOIIS extendlng downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly when the ke ,s are depressed, and ,a rearwardly movab e universal bar for operating the escapement mechanism extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths ofsaid downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers, lost motion bemg provlded between said downwardl -extending portions of the key-levers an the universal bar so as to operate .the escape- .ment mechanism only during the final porflpivots to move .rearwardly when the keys are depressed, a rearwardly movable universal bar for operating the escapement mechanism of the machine at the s ofsaid downwardlyextending portions of the key-levers, a vibrating ribbon-guide, and a second rearwardly movable universal bar to vibrate the rear of andin the pat ribbon-guide extendinfg transversely of the machine. at the rear 0 aid downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers in the paths thereofto be operated thereby when any key is depressed in the typing operation lost motion being provided between said downwardly-extending portions of the keylevers and the universal bar for operating the escapement mechanism, so that the escapement mechanism will be operated near the end of the stroke of the respective keylevers.

39; In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a traveling carriage for the platen, a letter-feeding escapement mechanism for the carriage, an up-' and-down shift-able type-bar segment or frame, type-bars pivoted on said frame'to' shift therewith, aset of sub-levers connected to the type-bars and also ivoted on said frame toshift therewith, lin s connected to the sub-levers and extending rearwardly therefrom, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from "their and in the shift therewith,

of the keys, said downwardly-extending portiond being pivotally, connected to the up-and-down shiftable type-bar segment on frame, type-bars pivoted on said frame to shift therewith, a set of sub-levers connected to the type-bars and also pivoted on said frame to'shift therewith, links connected to the sub-levers and extending rearwardly therefrom, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly at the depression of the keys, said downwardly-extending portions being pivotally connected to the rear ends of said links, so that said links provide for the case-shift movement of said frame, a rearwardly movable universal bar for o crating the escapement mechanism exten 7 ing transverselyat the rear of and in the paths of saiddownwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be operated there- 'by at the depression of the keys, said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers having rearwardly-projecting lugs to operate the universal bar, lost motion being provided between said lugs and the universal bar, sothat the escapement mechanism will be operated near the end of the strokes of the key-levers, said lugs being omitted wherever desired to produce silent keys, a ribbonvibrator, and a second universal bar for operating the ribbon-vibrator extending transversely of the machine at the rear of aths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-leversto be operated thereby at the depression of the keys.

41. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a traveling carriage for the platen, a letter-feeding es-..

capement mechanism (for the carriage, an up-and-down shiftable type-bar segment or frame, type-bars pivoted on said frame to a set of sub-levers connected to the type-bars andalso pivoted on said frame to shift therewith, links connected to the sub-levers and extending rearwardly therefrom, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly at the depression of the keys, said downwardly-extending por-,

rear of and. in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to Illa operated thereby at the depression of the eye.

42. Ina front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a traveling carrlage upon which the laten is shiftable up and down, a letterceding escapement mechanism for the carriage, a ribbon-vibrator, means for shifting theribbon-vibrator with the platen, a type-bar segment or frame ,shiftable up and down, a set of typebars pivoted on said frame to shift therewith, a set of sub-levers connected to the type-bars and also pivoted-on said frame to shift therewith, key-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending-downwardly from their pivots to move rearwardly at the depression of the keys, links connecting said levers to said downwardly-extending portions to swing on the latter at the case-shift move-v ment of said frame, a rearwardly movable universal bar extending transversely of the. machine at the rear of and'in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be operated thereby at the depression of the keys for operating the escapement mechanism, above sald universal bar a second universal bar extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be operated thereby at the depression of the keys, and means operated by the second universal bar to operate the ribbon-vibrator in the difi'erent printing platen.

43. In a front-strike typew'riting machine, in combination, a platen, a carriage therefor, letter-feeding escapement mechanism for the carriage including a dog-rocker having positions of the shiftable a downwardly-extendlng arm, a set of pivoted type-bars, sub-levers for operating the type-bars, key-levers connected to operate the sub-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly fromtheir pivots to move rearwardly when the keys are depressed, a universal bar extending transversely of the machin e at the rear of and in the paths of ried by the rock-shaft engageable with the,

downwardly-extending arm of the dog-rocker at the rear thereof for operating the dogrocker at the depression of the keys.

44. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

i in combination, a platen, a carriage therefor,

letter-feeding escapement mechanism for the carriage including a dog-rocker having a downwardly-extendin arm, a set of pivoted type-bars, sub-levers fbr operating the typebars, key-levers connected to operate the sub-levers pivoted on the stationary framework of the machine at the rear of the typebar pivots and having portions extending downwardlyfrom their pivots to move rearwardly when the keys are depressed, a universal bar extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be moved rearwardly thereby at the depression of the keys, said universal Jar having upwardly-extendingarms to form a swinging frame, a rock-shaft mounted on the framework of the machine and to which the upper ends of said arms are fixed, an upwardly-projecting arm carried by the rockshaft engageable with the downwardly-extending arm of the dog-rockerv at the rear thereof for operating the dog-rocker at the depression of the keys, a vibrating ribbonguide, a bell-crank lever having a forwardly-extending arm connected to the ribbonguide and having a downwardly-extending arm portion, above said universal bar a second universal bar extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be moved rearwardly thereby at the depression of the keys, said second universal bar having u wardly-extending arms forming a swinging rame, a rock-shaft mounted on the framework of the machine and upon which the upper ends of said latter arms are fixed, and an upwardly-projecting arm carried bythe latter rock-shaft engageable' with the downwardly-extending arm of the bell-crank lever to vibrate the ribbon-guide at the depression of the keys.

45. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

in combination, a platen, a platen-frame, a traveling carriage upon which the platenframe is shiftable up and down, letter-feeding escapement mechanism for the carriage Including a dog-rocker having a downward ly-extending arm, a shift-rail 'frame mounted upon the framework of the machine to shift the platen-frame, bars, sub-levers for operating the type-bars, key-levers to operate the sub-levers and pivoted on the framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their piv ots to move rearwardly at the de ression of the keys, a rocking universal rame pivoted on the framework of the machine and provided below its pivots with a universal a set of pivoted type bar extending transverselyeof the machine at the rear of and inthe paths of said down-- wardly-extending portions of the key-levers to be moved'rearwardly thereby at the depression of the keys, a vibrating vribbonguide, a bell-crank lever pivoted on the shift-rail frame and havin a forwardlyextending arm connected to t e ribbon-guide and having an arm portion extending downwardly from the pivot, and an upstanding lever-arm carried by the rocking universal frame engageable withsaid downwardly-ex-' tending arm portion of the bell-crank lever at the rear thereof to vibrate the ribbonguide at theiiepression of the keys. 46. In a front-strike typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a platenframe, a traveling carriage upon which the platemframe is shiftable up and down, letter-feeding escapementmechanism for the carriage including a dog-rocker having a downwardly-extending arm, a shift-rail frame mounted upon the framework of the machine to shift the platen-frame, .a set of pivoted type-bars, sub-levers for operating the type-bars, key-levers to operate the sublevers and pivoted on the framework of the machine at the rear of the type-bar pivots and having portions extending downwardly from their pivots to moverearwardly at the depression of the keys, a ribbon-vibrating rocking universal frame pivoted on the framework of the machine and provided below its pivots with a universal bar extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extend mg portions of the key-levers to be moved rearwardly thereby at the depression of the keys, a'vibrating ribbon-guide, a bell-crank lever pivoted on the shift-rail frame .and

having a forwardly-extending varm connected to the ribbon-guide and arm portion extending downwardly from ts pivot, an upstanding lever-arm carried by the rocking universal frame engageable with said downwardly-extending arm portion of the bell-crank lever at the rear thereof to vibrate the pression of the keys, an escapement-mechanism-operating rocking universal frame pivhaving an ribbon-guide at the de- Y oted on the framework of the machine and provided below its pivots with a universal bar extending transversely of the machine at the rear of and in the paths of said downwardly-extending key-lever portions below, 

